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The diagram below shows how a modern landfill for household waste is designed.

The diagram below shows how a modern landfill for household waste is
designed.

The diagram illustrates construction and operation of a modern landfill for domestic waste. Overall, the process can be divided into three distinct stages: construction, use and closure.

The construction phase commences with the excavation of a large rectangular pit into natural rock. Afterward, a small trench is dug at the right side of the pit’s base as the drainage tank. The pit is then coated with a layer of clay and subsequently synthetic lining to prevent contamination of the outside environment while facilitating the proper conditions for garbage decomposition. Ultimately, drainage pipes are laid upon the synthetic lining to prepare for the management of liquid waste in later stages.

In the following use phase, domestic waste is transported to the pit by trucks before being disposed of here. The excess liquid is drained through the pipes into the tank, ensuring only solid waste is left for decomposition. After the pit has filled up, it is enclosed with a thick layer of clay to forestall any form of leakage, with the only opening being a vent connected from the drainage pipes up to the ground, used to release gases generated from the decomposition process.

In conclusion, the modern landfill is designed with numerous measures to mitigate contamination of the surrounding soil.


Gợi ý nâng cấp từ vựng

  1. "illustrates construction and operation of a modern landfill" -> "illustrates the construction and operation of a modern landfill"
    Explanation: The addition of "the" clarifies that the essay refers to a specific landfill, improving the specificity and formality of the phrase.

  2. "can be divided into three distinct stages" -> "can be categorized into three distinct stages"
    Explanation: "Categorized" is a more precise term than "divided," as it implies a systematic classification, which is more appropriate in an academic context.

  3. "a small trench is dug at the right side of the pit’s base as the drainage tank" -> "a small trench is excavated on the right side of the pit’s base to serve as the drainage tank"
    Explanation: "Excavated" is a more formal and precise term than "dug," and "to serve as" clarifies the purpose of the trench, enhancing clarity.

  4. "to prevent contamination of the outside environment while facilitating the proper conditions for garbage decomposition" -> "to prevent contamination of the external environment while creating optimal conditions for waste decomposition"
    Explanation: "External" is more formal than "outside," and "creating optimal conditions" is more precise than "facilitating the proper conditions," improving clarity and formality.

  5. "the use phase" -> "the operational phase"
    Explanation: "Operational phase" is a more formal term than "use phase," aligning better with academic language.

  6. "disposed of here" -> "disposed of in the landfill"
    Explanation: Specifying "in the landfill" adds clarity and precision, ensuring the reader understands where the waste is being disposed.

  7. "ensuring only solid waste is left for decomposition" -> "ensuring that only solid waste remains for decomposition"
    Explanation: Adding "that" improves grammatical structure, and "remains" is a more formal choice than "is left."

  8. "to forestall any form of leakage" -> "to prevent any leakage"
    Explanation: "Prevent" is a more direct and formal term than "forestall," which can sound overly complex in this context.

  9. "with the only opening being a vent connected from the drainage pipes up to the ground" -> "with the sole opening being a vent connected from the drainage pipes to the surface"
    Explanation: "Sole" is more formal than "only," and "to the surface" is clearer and more precise than "up to the ground."

  10. "numerous measures to mitigate contamination of the surrounding soil" -> "various measures to mitigate the contamination of the surrounding soil"
    Explanation: "Various" is a more formal and precise term than "numerous," and adding "the" before "contamination" specifies the type of contamination being addressed.

Band điểm Task Achivement ước lượng: 7

Band Score: 7

Explanation: The essay covers the requirements of the task and presents a clear overview of the main stages of the process. The essay clearly presents and highlights key features/bullet points, but could be more fully extended. For example, the essay could provide more detail about the specific materials used in the construction phase, or the methods used to manage the waste liquid.

How to improve: The essay could be improved by providing more detail about the specific materials used in the construction phase, or the methods used to manage the waste liquid. The essay could also be improved by using more precise language to describe the process. For example, instead of saying "the pit is coated with a layer of clay," the essay could say "the pit is lined with a layer of compacted clay."

Band điểm Coherence & Cohesion ước lượng: 7

Band Score: 7.0

Explanation: The essay logically organizes information and ideas, demonstrating clear progression throughout the description of the landfill’s construction and operation. The use of cohesive devices is appropriate, although there are instances where they could be more varied to enhance fluidity. Each paragraph presents a clear central topic, contributing to the overall coherence of the essay.

How to improve: To achieve a higher band score, the essay could benefit from a more varied use of cohesive devices to avoid any potential under- or over-use. Additionally, enhancing the clarity of referencing within and between sentences could improve cohesion. More sophisticated paragraphing techniques, such as including topic sentences that summarize the main idea of each paragraph, would also strengthen the overall organization.

Band điểm Lexical Resource ước lượng: 7

Band Score: 7.0

Explanation: The essay demonstrates a sufficient range of vocabulary, allowing for flexibility and precision in describing the stages of landfill construction and operation. It includes some less common lexical items, such as "excavation," "synthetic lining," and "forestall," which show an awareness of style and collocation. However, there are occasional errors in word choice and phrasing, such as "the only opening being a vent connected from the drainage pipes up to the ground," which could be more clearly articulated. Overall, while the vocabulary is adequate and mostly effective, it does not fully meet the criteria for a higher band due to these minor inaccuracies.

How to improve: To achieve a higher band score, the essay could benefit from incorporating a wider range of sophisticated vocabulary and ensuring that all word choices are precise and appropriate. Additionally, reducing the frequency of minor errors in phrasing and improving clarity in complex sentences would enhance the overall lexical resource. Engaging with more uncommon lexical items and ensuring their correct usage would also contribute positively to the score.

Band điểm Grammatical Range & Accuracy ước lượng: 7

Band Score: 7.0

Explanation: The essay demonstrates a variety of complex structures and produces frequent error-free sentences. The grammatical range is good, with a mix of simple and complex sentence forms. However, there are a few minor errors and awkward phrasings that slightly detract from overall accuracy, such as "the drainage tank" which could be more clearly expressed as "a drainage tank." While the majority of the sentences are clear and effectively communicate the intended meaning, the occasional errors indicate that there is room for improvement in grammatical control.

How to improve: To achieve a higher band score, the writer should focus on refining sentence structures for clarity and accuracy. This includes ensuring that all complex sentences are grammatically correct and that any minor errors are eliminated. Additionally, increasing the variety of sentence structures and using more sophisticated vocabulary can enhance the overall quality of the essay. Regular practice with feedback on grammatical accuracy will also be beneficial.

Bài sửa mẫu

The diagram illustrates the construction and operation of a modern landfill for domestic waste. Overall, the process can be divided into three distinct stages: construction, use, and closure.

The construction phase begins with the excavation of a large rectangular pit into natural rock. Subsequently, a small trench is dug at the right side of the pit’s base to serve as the drainage tank. The pit is then lined with a layer of clay, followed by a synthetic lining to prevent contamination of the surrounding environment while creating optimal conditions for waste decomposition. Finally, drainage pipes are installed on top of the synthetic lining to facilitate the management of liquid waste in the later stages.

During the use phase, domestic waste is transported to the pit by trucks before being disposed of. Excess liquid is drained through the pipes into the tank, ensuring that only solid waste remains for decomposition. Once the pit is filled, it is sealed with a thick layer of clay to prevent any leakage, with the only opening being a vent connected from the drainage pipes to the surface, which is used to release gases generated during the decomposition process.

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