Traffic congestion is becoming a huge problem for many major cities. Suggest some measures that could be taken to reduce traffic in big cities.

These days, the majority of big cities are suffering from traffic jams. This essay will discuss several ways that can be taken by the governments to tackle this issue.

Several measures can be taken to encourage people to use public transportation rather than their private vehicles. One of the most significant methods is that the authorities should invest more money in order to replace old buses and trains with brand-new and facilitated BRT, trams, and undergrounds. They should arrange a new strict precise timetable for all of the public transportation to assure individuals can reach their destination on time. Another principal method is that citizens should be aware of the detrimental impacts of air pollution due to the traffic congestion such as creating adverts that demonstrate the emergence of chronic diseases and the message of how we can prevent them. Also, they should be informed about the positive effects of utilizing public transportation, carpooling, and biking. For instance, ,in many developed countries, such as the Netherlands, people would rather drive a bicycle as a good way to escape from traffic jams, and they prefer to drive their cars in urgent situations.

Furthermore, commuters can be discouraged from driving their private vehicles. To begin with, the states can increase the tax for someone who drives a car more than certain hours during a day, this can lead people to cut down the amount of time they drive a car. In addition, if the authorities add to the price of petroleum, fewer individuals will be able to afford it for their daily consumption so they prefer to commute by public transportation. Thus, the more they are decreasing the usage of private cars the more they can realize the benefits of public transportation.

In conclusion, there are some steps that can be taken by the governments to stimulate people to travel more through buses, subways, and bicycles as well as other strategies which cause citizens reluctant to drive their private cars.

Gợi ý nâng cấp từ vựng

"These days" -> "Currently"
Explanation: Replacing "These days" with "Currently" enhances the formal tone of the essay by using a more precise and academically appropriate temporal marker.
"big cities" -> "major urban centers"
Explanation: "Major urban centers" is a more formal and precise term than "big cities," which sounds too informal for an academic essay.
"suffering from traffic jams" -> "experiencing traffic congestion"
Explanation: "Experiencing traffic congestion" is a more formal way to describe the issue, avoiding the emotional connotation of "suffering."
"ways that can be taken by the governments" -> "strategies that governments can implement"
Explanation: "Strategies that governments can implement" is more specific and formal, emphasizing the active role of governments in addressing the issue.
"invest more money in order to" -> "allocate additional funds to"
Explanation: "Allocate additional funds to" is a more precise and formal way of suggesting financial investment.
"brand-new and facilitated" -> "state-of-the-art"
Explanation: "State-of-the-art" is a concise and formal term that implies both newness and advanced features, making it more suitable for an academic context.
"arrange a new strict precise timetable" -> "establish a rigorous and accurate schedule"
Explanation: "Establish a rigorous and accurate schedule" is more formal and precise, better suiting the academic tone.
"creating adverts" -> "producing advertisements"
Explanation: "Producing advertisements" is more formal than "creating adverts," which uses a colloquial abbreviation.
"drive a bicycle" -> "ride a bicycle"
Explanation: "Ride a bicycle" is the correct term for using a bicycle, making the sentence more accurate and formal.
"good way to escape from" -> "effective method to avoid"
Explanation: "Effective method to avoid" is a more formal and precise way of expressing the idea of circumventing traffic congestion.
"drive their cars in urgent situations" -> "utilize their vehicles for emergencies"
Explanation: "Utilize their vehicles for emergencies" is a more formal and precise way of stating the use of cars for urgent situations.
"the states can increase the tax" -> "governments can raise the taxation"
Explanation: "Governments can raise the taxation" is more formal and specific, aligning better with the academic style.
"someone who drives a car" -> "individuals who operate a vehicle"
Explanation: "Individuals who operate a vehicle" is more formal and avoids the informal tone of "someone."
"cut down the amount of time they drive a car" -> "reduce the duration of vehicle usage"
Explanation: "Reduce the duration of vehicle usage" is more formal and precise, improving the academic tone.
"add to the price of petroleum" -> "increase the cost of petroleum"
Explanation: "Increase the cost of petroleum" is a more formal way of expressing the idea of making petroleum more expensive.
"prefer to commute by public transportation" -> "opt to travel via public transit"
Explanation: "Opt to travel via public transit" is more formal and precise, enhancing the academic quality of the statement.
"stimulate people to travel more through" -> "encourage individuals to increasingly utilize"
Explanation: "Encourage individuals to increasingly utilize" is more formal and provides a clearer, more academic expression of encouraging public transportation use.
"cause citizens reluctant to drive" -> "make citizens more hesitant to operate"
Explanation: "Make citizens more hesitant to operate" is a more formal and precise way of expressing the idea of discouraging private vehicle use.

Band điểm Task Response ước lượng: 7

Band Score for Task Response: 7

Answer All Parts of the Question:
- Detailed explanation: The essay adequately addresses all parts of the question by suggesting measures to reduce traffic congestion in major cities. It discusses investing in public transportation infrastructure, raising awareness about the environmental impacts of traffic, and implementing measures to discourage private vehicle usage.
- How to improve: While the essay covers various measures, it could enhance its response by providing more specific examples or data to support the suggested solutions. Additionally, a deeper exploration of the potential challenges or drawbacks of the proposed measures could strengthen the analysis.
Present a Clear Position Throughout:
- Detailed explanation: The essay maintains a clear position throughout by advocating for increased investment in public transportation and measures to discourage private vehicle usage.
- How to improve: To further strengthen clarity, the essay could explicitly state the thesis or main argument in the introduction and reiterate it in the conclusion. Additionally, ensuring consistency in language and tone throughout the essay would enhance clarity.
Present, Extend, and Support Ideas:
- Detailed explanation: The essay presents ideas such as investing in public transportation infrastructure and raising awareness effectively. However, some ideas lack elaboration, such as the suggestion to increase taxes on private vehicle usage.
- How to improve: To extend and support ideas, the essay could provide more detailed explanations or examples for each proposed measure. Additionally, incorporating evidence or statistics to demonstrate the effectiveness of similar measures implemented elsewhere would strengthen the argument.
Stay on Topic:
- Detailed explanation: The essay predominantly stays on topic by discussing measures to reduce traffic congestion in major cities. However, there are minor instances of deviation, such as briefly mentioning commuting by bicycles without elaborating on its relevance to the main topic.
- How to improve: To stay more focused, the essay should ensure that all points directly relate to the main topic of reducing traffic congestion. If mentioning alternative modes of transportation like bicycles, the essay should explain how they contribute to alleviating traffic issues in cities.

Overall, while the essay effectively addresses the prompt and provides reasonable suggestions to mitigate traffic congestion, it could benefit from further development and clarification of ideas, as well as maintaining strict relevance to the topic throughout the essay. Strengthening these aspects would enhance the coherence and persuasiveness of the argument, potentially leading to a higher band score.

Band điểm Coherence & Cohesion ước lượng: 6

Band Score for Coherence and Cohesion: 6

Organize Information Logically:
- Detailed explanation: The essay generally organizes information logically by presenting several measures to reduce traffic congestion in a coherent manner. The introduction sets up the discussion by identifying the problem and indicating that solutions will be explored. Each paragraph then focuses on a specific measure, providing examples and explanations to support the ideas presented.
- How to improve: To further enhance logical organization, consider structuring the essay with clearer topic sentences for each paragraph to guide the reader through the discussion. Additionally, ensuring a smooth transition between paragraphs can strengthen the coherence of the essay.
Use Paragraphs:
- Detailed explanation: The essay uses paragraphs effectively to separate different ideas and discuss various measures to reduce traffic congestion. Each paragraph addresses a specific solution, such as investing in public transportation, raising awareness about environmental impacts, and implementing measures to discourage private vehicle use.
- How to improve: To improve paragraphing, ensure that each paragraph has a clear main idea supported by relevant details and examples. Additionally, consider varying sentence structure and length within paragraphs to maintain reader engagement.
Use a Range of Cohesive Devices:
- Detailed explanation: The essay employs a range of cohesive devices to connect ideas and maintain coherence. Examples include transitional phrases like "Furthermore," "In addition," and "Thus," which help to indicate the relationship between different points. Additionally, pronouns and demonstratives are used effectively to refer back to previously mentioned concepts.
- How to improve: To further diversify cohesive devices, consider incorporating a wider variety of linking words and phrases to establish clearer connections between ideas. Additionally, ensure consistent use of pronouns and references throughout the essay to avoid ambiguity and strengthen cohesion.

Overall, while the essay demonstrates effective organization and coherence, enhancing the clarity of topic sentences, refining paragraph structure, and diversifying cohesive devices can contribute to a more cohesive and coherent presentation of ideas.

Band điểm Lexical Resource ước lượng: 7

Band Score for Lexical Resource: 7

Use a Wide Range of Vocabulary:
- Detailed explanation: The essay demonstrates a commendable breadth of vocabulary, incorporating terms such as "traffic congestion," "detrimental impacts," "chronic diseases," "stimulate," and "reluctant." These terms contribute to a varied and sophisticated lexical range, enhancing the depth of expression.
- How to improve: While the essay exhibits a good range of vocabulary, consider incorporating more specialized terminology related to urban planning, transportation infrastructure, and environmental sustainability to further enrich the discussion. Additionally, strive for precision in word choice to convey ideas with clarity and specificity.
Use Vocabulary Precisely:
- Detailed explanation: The essay generally utilizes vocabulary with reasonable precision. For example, terms like "public transportation," "petroleum," and "tax" are used appropriately within the context. However, there are instances where the usage could be more precise. For instance, "facilitated" in "facilitated BRT, trams, and undergrounds" could be replaced with more specific terms such as "modernized" or "upgraded" for clearer expression.
- How to improve: To enhance precision, ensure that each word is chosen deliberately to convey the intended meaning accurately. Consider using synonyms or more specific terms where appropriate, avoiding vague or ambiguous language that may detract from clarity.
Use Correct Spelling:
- Detailed explanation: The essay demonstrates generally accurate spelling throughout. However, there are some minor errors, such as "precise" instead of "precisely" and repetitive use of commas in certain instances. While these errors do not significantly impede understanding, improving spelling accuracy can enhance the overall professionalism and coherence of the essay.
- How to improve: Pay close attention to spelling details, particularly for common words and grammatical constructs. Proofreading carefully and utilizing spelling and grammar checkers can help catch and correct errors effectively. Additionally, familiarizing oneself with common spelling patterns and rules can aid in avoiding mistakes in future compositions.

Band điểm Grammatical Range & Accuracy ước lượng: 7

Band Score for Grammatical Range and Accuracy: 7

Use a Wide Range of Structures:

Detailed explanation: The essay demonstrates a commendable range of sentence structures, indicative of a band 7 level. Complex sentences are effectively used, as seen in examples like "One of the most significant methods is that the authorities should invest more money in order to replace old buses and trains with brand-new and facilitated BRT, trams, and undergrounds." and "For instance, in many developed countries, such as the Netherlands, people would rather drive a bicycle as a good way to escape from traffic jams, and they prefer to drive their cars in urgent situations." These sentences show the ability to convey complex ideas with multiple clauses. However, the essay tends to rely on a somewhat limited set of complex sentence forms, such as conditional sentences and relative clauses, which could be diversified.
How to improve: To enhance the range of structures and elevate the band score, consider incorporating more varied complex grammatical constructions. For example, the use of inversions ("Rarely do authorities recognize…"), passive voice for variety ("It is suggested that…"), and cleft sentences ("What the government should focus on is…") could add sophistication. Practicing sentences that embed clauses within each other or use different linking words can also diversify sentence structure.

Use Grammar and Punctuation Accurately:

Detailed explanation: The essay displays a solid level of grammatical control and punctuation, aligning with a band 7 score. The use of commas, periods, and conjunctions is generally accurate, facilitating clear and coherent expression of ideas. However, there are instances where grammatical slips and punctuation errors slightly mar the accuracy, such as in "Another principal method is that citizens should be aware of the detrimental impacts of air pollution due to the traffic congestion such as creating adverts that demonstrate the emergence of chronic diseases and the message of how we can prevent them." This sentence, for instance, could benefit from better punctuation to separate ideas for clarity. Additionally, the essay occasionally exhibits minor errors in article use and preposition choice, which are common at this level but should be addressed for higher bands.
How to improve: Focusing on refining grammatical accuracy involves paying closer attention to articles, prepositions, and sentence punctuation. Regularly reviewing grammatical rules and practicing with exercises focused on error correction can be beneficial. For punctuation, learning to use commas not just for lists but also to introduce or separate clauses can enhance clarity and flow. Engaging in extensive reading can also help internalize correct usage and inspire a broader range of grammatical structures.

In conclusion, while the essay exhibits a commendable level of grammatical range and accuracy overall, there is room for improvement in diversifying sentence structures and enhancing grammatical precision. Focused practice, combined with a broader exploration of complex grammatical forms and careful review of punctuation rules, can contribute to achieving a higher band score.

Bài sửa mẫu

In present times, major urban centers are experiencing traffic congestion as a significant issue. This essay will explore various strategies that governments can implement to alleviate this problem.

Several measures can be adopted to encourage individuals to utilize public transportation instead of their private vehicles. One effective method is for authorities to allocate additional funds to replace old buses and trains with state-of-the-art BRT, trams, and underground systems. Additionally, establishing a rigorous and accurate schedule for all public transportation services can ensure timely arrivals and departures, thus enhancing reliability for commuters. Another crucial approach is to raise awareness among citizens about the adverse effects of air pollution caused by traffic congestion. This can be achieved by producing advertisements that highlight the link between traffic-related pollution and chronic diseases, along with promoting the benefits of using public transportation, carpooling, and cycling. For example, in countries like the Netherlands, riding a bicycle is seen as an effective method to avoid traffic jams, with cars being reserved for emergencies.

Moreover, measures can be implemented to discourage individuals from excessively using their private vehicles. Governments can raise the taxation on individuals who operate a vehicle beyond a certain number of hours per day, thereby incentivizing them to reduce the duration of their vehicle usage. Additionally, increasing the cost of petroleum can make it less affordable for daily consumption, prompting more people to opt for public transit. Consequently, by encouraging individuals to increasingly utilize buses, subways, and bicycles, governments can make citizens more hesitant to operate their private cars.

In conclusion, there are various steps that governments can take to encourage people to rely more on public transportation and alternative modes of travel, thereby reducing traffic congestion in big cities. These measures include investing in modernized public transportation systems, raising awareness about the benefits of sustainable commuting options, and implementing policies to discourage excessive use of private vehicles.