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The graph below gives information about car ownership in Britain from 1990 to 2030. Summarize the information by select and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

The graph below gives information about car ownership in Britain from 1990 to 2030. Summarize the information by select and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

The provided line graph illustrates the proportion of households in the United Kingdom with various levels of car ownership over a period of four decades, starting from 1990.

At first glance, it is evident that while the percentage of households without cars decreased significantly, that of households possessing one car or at least two cars experienced an upward trend throughout the period. It is also notable that the figure for households with two or more cars is predicted to consistently increase 10 years after the year of 2020.

In 1990, the share of British households that did not own a car was more than 50%, after which it saw a progressive decrease to approximately 30% in 2005. Meanwhile, with just under 40% at the beginning, the figure for families owning one car continuously fluctuated and reached its peak at around 55% in 2005. The proportion of households possessing at least two cars also fluctuated, hitting the lowest point of 9% in 2005.

From 2005 onwards, there was a significant increase in the figure for dual-car households, rising from 9% to 28% by 2015, followed by a plateau over the next five years, from 2015 to 2020. After that, it is expected to peak at 42% in 2030. Conversely, single-car ownership per household showed an opposite pattern, drastically falling by nearly 15% to about 42% in 2010. After that, it is expected to peak at 42% in 2030, matching the percentage of single-car ownership at that time. Regarding car-free households, before declining consistently until 2030, the percentage remained virtually unchanged for a decade, from 2010 to 2020, at roughly 30%.


Gợi ý nâng cấp từ vựng

  1. "At first glance" -> "Initially"
    Explanation: "Initially" is more precise and formal, fitting better in an academic context than the more colloquial "At first glance."

  2. "households possessing one car or at least two cars" -> "households with one or two or more cars"
    Explanation: The revised phrase clarifies the range of car ownership, making it more specific and formal.

  3. "predicted to consistently increase" -> "projected to consistently increase"
    Explanation: "Projected" is more precise and academically appropriate than "predicted" in this context, indicating a forecast based on data analysis.

  4. "British households" -> "UK households"
    Explanation: "UK households" is more specific and formal than "British households," which can imply a broader cultural or national context.

  5. "progressive decrease" -> "steady decrease"
    Explanation: "Steady" is more precise and formal than "progressive," which can imply a sense of gradual improvement rather than a consistent decline.

  6. "continuously fluctuated" -> "consistently fluctuated"
    Explanation: "Consistently" is more accurate in describing a pattern of regular fluctuations, whereas "continuously" implies a continuous process without breaks.

  7. "hitting the lowest point" -> "reaching its lowest point"
    Explanation: "Reaching its lowest point" is more formal and precise, suitable for an academic context.

  8. "drastically falling" -> "significantly decreasing"
    Explanation: "Significantly decreasing" is more formal and less colloquial than "drastically falling," which can sound overly dramatic.

  9. "virtually unchanged" -> "essentially unchanged"
    Explanation: "Essentially unchanged" is a more formal expression than "virtually unchanged," aligning better with academic style.

  10. "declining consistently" -> "continuously declining"
    Explanation: "Continuously" is more precise and formal than "consistently," emphasizing the ongoing nature of the decline.

These changes enhance the formality and precision of the language, making it more suitable for an academic essay.

Band điểm Task Achivement ước lượng: 6

Band Score: 6.0

Explanation: The essay provides an overview of the main trends in car ownership in Britain from 1990 to 2030. It accurately describes the general trends for each category of car ownership, highlighting the key features of the graph. However, the essay does not fully extend the key features and some details are irrelevant or inaccurate. For example, the essay states that the figure for households with two or more cars is predicted to consistently increase 10 years after the year of 2020, but this is not entirely accurate as the figure plateaus between 2015 and 2020.

How to improve: The essay could be improved by providing more specific details about the trends and by avoiding irrelevant or inaccurate information. For example, the essay could state that the percentage of households with two or more cars increased from 9% in 2005 to 28% in 2015, and then plateaued at 28% between 2015 and 2020 before increasing again to 42% in 2030. The essay could also provide more specific information about the fluctuations in the percentage of households owning one car.

Band điểm Coherence & Cohesion ước lượng: 7

Band Score: 7.0
Explanation: The essay demonstrates a logical organization of information and ideas, with a clear progression throughout. The central topics of each paragraph are evident, and the essay effectively uses a range of cohesive devices. However, there are instances of slight under-use of cohesive devices, particularly in transitioning between ideas, which affects the overall fluidity. The paragraphing is generally appropriate, but some transitions could be smoother to enhance coherence.
How to improve: To achieve a higher band score, the writer should focus on enhancing the use of cohesive devices to create smoother transitions between sentences and paragraphs. Additionally, ensuring that each paragraph has a clear topic sentence that links back to the main theme can improve coherence. More varied sentence structures and linking phrases could also help in achieving a more sophisticated level of cohesion.

Band điểm Lexical Resource ước lượng: 7

Band Score: 7.0
Explanation: The essay demonstrates a sufficient range of vocabulary that allows for some flexibility and precision in conveying the information from the graph. The use of terms such as "proportion," "progressive decrease," "upward trend," and "fluctuated" indicates an awareness of less common lexical items. However, there are occasional inaccuracies in word choice and collocation, such as "the figure for households possessing one car continuously fluctuated," which could be more clearly expressed. Additionally, while the vocabulary is adequate for the task, it lacks the sophistication and natural control characteristic of higher bands. There are minor errors in spelling and word formation, but they do not impede communication.

How to improve: To enhance the lexical resource score, the writer should aim to incorporate a wider range of sophisticated vocabulary and ensure precise word choices. This could involve using more varied synonyms and phrases to avoid repetition and enhance clarity. Additionally, paying closer attention to collocations and idiomatic expressions can help improve the naturalness of the language. Finally, proofreading for minor spelling and grammatical errors can further strengthen the overall quality of the essay.

Band điểm Grammatical Range & Accuracy ước lượng: 7

Band Score: 7.0
Explanation: The essay demonstrates a variety of complex sentence structures and maintains a good level of grammatical accuracy. The majority of sentences are error-free, and there is good control of grammar and punctuation. However, there are a few minor errors and awkward phrasings that prevent it from reaching a higher band. For example, phrases like "the figure for households possessing one car continuously fluctuated" could be clearer, and the use of "that of households" may sound slightly convoluted. Overall, the essay effectively communicates the main features of the graph, but the occasional errors and lack of full flexibility in language use limit its score.
How to improve: To enhance the grammatical range and accuracy, the writer should focus on refining sentence structures for clarity and precision. This includes varying sentence beginnings and avoiding repetitive phrases. Additionally, proofreading for minor errors and awkward constructions can help achieve a higher level of accuracy. Engaging with more complex grammatical structures and ensuring they are used correctly will also contribute to a higher band score.

Bài sửa mẫu

The provided line graph illustrates the proportion of households in the United Kingdom with various levels of car ownership over a period of four decades, starting from 1990.

At first glance, it is evident that while the percentage of households without cars decreased significantly, the proportion of households possessing one car or at least two cars experienced an upward trend throughout the period. It is also notable that the figure for households with two or more cars is predicted to consistently increase 10 years after 2020.

In 1990, the share of British households that did not own a car was more than 50%, after which it saw a progressive decrease to approximately 30% in 2005. Meanwhile, starting at just under 40%, the figure for families owning one car continuously fluctuated, reaching its peak at around 55% in 2005. The proportion of households possessing at least two cars also fluctuated, hitting a low of 9% in 2005.

From 2005 onwards, there was a significant increase in the figure for dual-car households, rising from 9% to 28% by 2015, followed by a plateau over the next five years, from 2015 to 2020. After that, it is expected to peak at 42% in 2030. Conversely, single-car ownership per household showed an opposite pattern, drastically falling by nearly 15% to about 42% in 2010. It is anticipated to remain at 42% in 2030, matching the percentage of single-car ownership at that time. Regarding car-free households, before declining consistently until 2030, the percentage remained virtually unchanged for a decade, from 2010 to 2020, at roughly 30%.

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