The diagram shows the design of a modern landﬁll for household waste.

The diagram illustrates the sequential stages involved in the effective management of waste in a modern landfill. This process prioritizes minimizing the negative impact on the ecosystem, encompassing development, operation, and finalization.
Initially, a substantial rectangular excavation is dug into the earth, extending below the bedrock formation. To prevent environmental damage, the cavity is lined with robust layers of synthetic materials and clay. Additionally, a drainage system comprising pipes and reservoirs is installed at the base to efficiently extract and remove toxic liquid waste generated within the landfill.
Once the landfill infrastructure is complete, the deposition of residential waste commences. As waste accumulates, harmful toxic liquid percolates to the bottom of the engineered landfill. When the site reaches its capacity, it is sealed with a thick clay layer to prevent the release of harmful gasses into the atmosphere. Subsequently, as the deposited waste decomposes, it releases gasses that are managed through controlled venting systems.
Overall, the modern landfill disposal process is a carefully designed system that aims to minimize environmental harm while effectively managing waste.

Gợi ý nâng cấp từ vựng

"The diagram illustrates" -> "The diagram depicts"
Explanation: "Depicts" is a more precise and formal term than "illustrates" in the context of academic writing, enhancing the clarity and formality of the description.
"substantial rectangular excavation" -> "substantial rectangular excavation pit"
Explanation: Adding "pit" clarifies that the excavation is a hole or depression, which is more specific and accurate in the context of landfills.
"robust layers of synthetic materials and clay" -> "robust layers of synthetic materials and impermeable clay"
Explanation: Adding "impermeable" before "clay" specifies that the clay is designed to prevent leakage, enhancing the precision of the description.
"toxic liquid waste" -> "toxic leachate"
Explanation: "Leachate" is the specific term used in environmental science to describe the liquid waste generated by the decomposition of waste in landfills, making it more precise and appropriate for academic writing.
"harmful toxic liquid percolates" -> "toxic leachate percolates"
Explanation: Replacing "harmful toxic liquid" with "toxic leachate" corrects the redundancy and uses the more accurate term for the type of waste.
"harmful gasses" -> "harmful gases"
Explanation: "Gases" is the correct plural form of "gas," aligning with standard English usage and maintaining the formal tone.
"controlled venting systems" -> "controlled venting systems"
Explanation: No change needed as "controlled venting systems" is already a precise and formal term appropriate for academic writing.
"carefully designed system" -> "meticulously designed system"
Explanation: "Meticulously" conveys a higher level of attention to detail and care than "carefully," which enhances the description of the landfill process in an academic context.

These changes refine the vocabulary to better suit an academic style, ensuring precision and formality in the description of the waste management process.

Band điểm Task Achivement ước lượng: 7

Band Score: 7

Explanation: The essay covers all the requirements of the task and presents a clear overview of the main stages of the landfill design. It clearly presents and highlights key features/bullet points, such as the construction, use, and closure stages. However, the essay could be more fully extended by providing more specific details about each stage. For example, the essay could mention the specific types of synthetic materials used in the lining, the capacity of the drainage system, or the methods used to control the release of gasses.

How to improve: The essay could be improved by providing more specific details about each stage of the landfill design. This would make the essay more informative and engaging for the reader. The essay could also benefit from the inclusion of some data to support the description. For example, the essay could mention the amount of waste that can be stored in the landfill, the volume of liquid waste that is extracted, or the amount of gasses that are released.

Band điểm Coherence & Cohesion ước lượng: 7

Band Score: 7.0
Explanation: The essay logically organizes information and ideas, demonstrating clear progression throughout the description of the landfill process. Each stage is presented in a coherent manner, with a clear central topic in each paragraph. The use of cohesive devices is appropriate, although there are instances where the connection between some ideas could be more fluid, indicating some under-use of certain cohesive devices. The paragraphing is generally effective, but there could be slight improvements in how the ideas are linked within and between paragraphs.
How to improve: To enhance the score, the writer could incorporate a wider range of cohesive devices to create smoother transitions between ideas. This could involve using more varied linking phrases and ensuring that each paragraph flows seamlessly into the next. Additionally, ensuring that all references are clear and that paragraphing is consistently logical will strengthen coherence and cohesion further.

Band điểm Lexical Resource ước lượng: 8

Band Score: 8.0
Explanation: The essay demonstrates a wide range of vocabulary that is used fluently and flexibly to convey precise meanings related to the topic of landfill design. The writer skillfully employs less common lexical items such as "percolates," "deposition," and "venting systems," which enhances the sophistication of the language. There are occasional inaccuracies in word choice, such as "finalization," which could be more precisely expressed as "closure" or "capping." Additionally, while spelling and word formation errors are rare, the overall lexical resource is strong, aligning well with the criteria for Band 8.
How to improve: To achieve a higher band score, the writer should focus on refining word choice to ensure precision and appropriateness in all instances. Additionally, minimizing any minor inaccuracies in collocation and ensuring that all vocabulary is used in the most contextually suitable manner will enhance the overall quality of the essay. Regular practice with advanced vocabulary and seeking feedback on word usage can also contribute to improvement.

Band điểm Grammatical Range & Accuracy ước lượng: 7

Band Score: 7.0
Explanation: The essay demonstrates a variety of complex structures and produces frequent error-free sentences. The writer shows good control of grammar and punctuation, with only a few minor errors present. The use of a range of sentence types contributes to the clarity and coherence of the essay, although there are instances where the complexity could be enhanced further. Overall, the grammatical range is solid, but there is room for improvement in accuracy and variety.

How to improve: To achieve a higher band score, the writer should focus on incorporating a wider range of complex sentence structures and ensuring that all sentences are error-free. Additionally, reducing minor grammatical errors and enhancing the sophistication of vocabulary and sentence variety would contribute to a more polished essay. Practicing with more complex grammatical forms and seeking feedback on specific errors can also help in improving overall accuracy.

Bài sửa mẫu

Initially, a substantial rectangular excavation is dug into the earth, extending below the bedrock formation. To prevent environmental damage, the cavity is lined with robust layers of synthetic materials and clay. Additionally, a drainage system comprising pipes and reservoirs is installed at the base to efficiently extract and remove the toxic liquid waste generated within the landfill.

Once the landfill infrastructure is complete, the deposition of residential waste commences. As waste accumulates, harmful toxic liquids percolate to the bottom of the engineered landfill. When the site reaches its capacity, it is sealed with a thick layer of clay to prevent the release of harmful gases into the atmosphere. Subsequently, as the deposited waste decomposes, it releases gases that are managed through controlled venting systems.

Overall, the modern landfill disposal process is a carefully designed system that aims to minimize environmental harm while effectively managing waste.